5 key factors that determine the quality of solar lamps

The emergence of solar lamps has brought convenience to our lives. Its convenience, practicality and intelligence meet our more needs for lighting. However, the performance of solar lamps bought by many people is not satisfactory, with poor brightness and durability. Consumers can't identify the good and bad in a short period of time, and after a long time, they can't get humanized solutions, lack of market standards, high prices but unsatisfactory effects, etc., all of which have become criticisms in the market.

So how can we buy products with high quality and low price? How to avoid merchants' routines? How to choose the right product at the beginning of purchase? Before answering these questions, let's take a look at the structure of solar lamps and lanterns. It is composed of those key components?

Solar led lamps are mainly composed of five key components: photovoltaic panels, batteries, led light sources, lamp body shells, and control systems. Let's analyze the functions of these five aspects and the misunderstandings in application one by one.

1. Photovoltaic panels

Photovoltaic panels determine the brightness of the lamps. Everyone here will be wondering, shouldn’t it be the light source that determines the brightness of the lamp? How does the photovoltaic panel determine the brightness of the lamp? First of all, the light source needs enough electricity to drive. A 1W light source needs about 300mAH of electricity to turn on the light for one hour. When your photovoltaic panel can input enough electricity for the battery, the battery can provide enough electricity for the light source, and the lamp can be set according to the setting. Turn on the light at a certain brightness; when your photovoltaic panel cannot input enough power to the battery, the battery cannot provide enough power to the light source, and the light appears to be dimmed.

So what kind of photovoltaic panels should be used? First of all, the photoelectric conversion rate of photovoltaic panels should be high. At present, the photoelectric conversion rate of polycrystalline silicon cells (the main material of photovoltaic panels) in large-scale production can reach >18%, and the photoelectric conversion rate of photovoltaic panels used in solar lamps and lanterns is measured to be more than 17%. The power of the board should be enough. What is enough? In a sunny environment, the power generated by photovoltaic panels can be fully charged for about 5 hours (the annual average sunshine time in most places in China is 4-6 hours), which is considered sufficient.

2. Battery

The battery plays a major role in the life of the lamp. At present, the life of photovoltaic modules is basically more than 20 years; the life of the light source has reached 30,000 to 50,000 hours, and the life of 10 years is calculated based on the lighting time of 10 hours a day; the theoretical life of the new ternary lithium battery is 1200 times. Charge and discharge, the life of lithium iron phosphate battery can be charged and discharged more than 2000 times, which is equivalent to 6-8 years of service life. But it should be noted that what is mentioned here is a brand new battery. In fact, 99% of the batteries used in solar lamps are disassembled batteries of new energy vehicles. Why not use a brand new battery? One is that brand-new batteries cannot be bought, and brand-new lithium batteries are basically contracted by automobile manufacturers; the other is that the cost of brand-new lithium batteries is extremely high, and the wholesale cost price of ternary lithium batteries is about 5 yuan/A .

3. led light source

The more light sources, the better. Every time I go to a certain treasure or a certain website, I see similar products and advertise their own solar lamps with 500 or even 1,000 LED lamp beads. As a person in the industry, I find it ridiculous. The power of solar lamps is supplied by batteries. How much power it can achieve depends entirely on the capacity of the battery. When the battery can only light up at 20 watts for 10 hours, whether you have 50 lamp beads or 500 lamp beads, its actual The power can only be 20 watts at most. Anyone who has studied physics knows that the longer the distance of the circuit through which electricity passes, the greater the resistance will be. More lamp beads will only produce a longer circuit and greater resistance will waste more power, so more lamp beads are not more Well, enough is enough.

4. Light shell

The lamp housing made of die-cast aluminum is more durable and waterproof. At present, there are basically two types of shell materials for solar lamps on the market: one is a plastic shell and the other is a cast aluminum shell. The cost of the plastic shell is low, but its life is short and the waterproof performance is poor in the case of outdoor exposure to the sun; the die-cast aluminum shell is durable, waterproof, and the heat dissipation of the lamp is good. We use die-cast aluminum shells for outdoor projects and must It is a thick cast aluminum shell, but the disadvantage is that it is expensive.

5. Control system

The control system plays a key role in the life of the battery and controls the brightness of the lamp. Here first popularize the functions and functions of the control system. Most solar lamps will have functions such as remote control, light control, time control, full brightness, half brightness, and automatic adjustment, which requires a control system. Limited by the limitation of the battery, we know that solar lamps cannot turn on the lights with 100% power like commercial lamps. In continuous rainy days, the capacity of the battery becomes low and it cannot work as when it is fully charged. It needs a The intelligent system intelligently adjusts the power output according to the capacity of the battery, so that the lamp can work in a good working condition, thus ensuring its life. The control system we use not only enables the lamps to realize basic functions such as remote control, light control, time control, full brightness, half brightness, and full-automatic, but also requires it to control input and output according to the real-time capacity of the battery, so as not to overcharge the battery Over-discharge to protect the life of the battery and make it more durable.